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1.
Adv Rheumatol ; 64: 13, 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550006

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Increased malignancy frequency is well documented in adult-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but with limited reports in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) series. We explored the frequency of malignancy associated with cSLE, describing clinical and demographic characteristics, disease activity and cumulative damage, by the time of malignancy diagnosis. Method A retrospective case-notes review, in a nationwide cohort from 27 Pediatric Rheumatology centres, with descriptive biopsy-proven malignancy, disease activity/damage accrual, and immunosuppressive treatment were compiled in each participating centre, using a standard protocol. Results Of the 1757 cSLE cases in the updated cohort, 12 (0.7%) developed malignancy with median time 10 years after cSLE diagnosis. There were 91% females, median age at cSLE diagnosis 12 years, median age at malignancy diagnosis 23 years. Of all diagnosed malignancies, 11 were single-site, and a single case with concomitant multiple sites; four had haematological (0.22%) and 8 solid malignancy (0.45%). Median (min-max) SLEDAI-2 K scores were 9 (0-38), median (min-max) SLICC/ACR-DI (SDI) score were 1 (1-5) Histopathology defined 1 Hodgkin's lymphoma, 2 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; 4 gastrointestinal carcinoma, 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and 1 anal carcinoma; 1 had sigmoid adenocarcinoma and 1 stomach carcinoid; 3 had genital malignancy, being 1 vulvae, 1 cervix and 1 vulvae and cervix carcinomas; 1 had central nervous system oligodendroglioma; and 1 testicle germ cell teratoma. Conclusion Estimated malignancy frequency of 0.7% was reported during cSLE follow up in a multicentric series. Median disease activity and cumulative damage scores, by the time of malignancy diagnoses, were high; considering that reported in adult series.

2.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521606

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate autoinflammatory diseases (AID) according to age at diagnosis and sex, and response to therapy in a large population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study of a Latin American registry using a designed web system for data storage, collected between 2015 and 2018. Any altered findings during follow-up were recorded. The forms were translated into Portuguese and Spanish, including demographic, clinical, laboratory, genetic and treatment characteristics. Results: We included 152 patients, 51.3% male and 75% Caucasian. The median age at disease onset was 2.1 years (0-15.6 years) and median age at diagnosis 6.9 years (0-21.9 years); 111 (73%) were children (0-9 years old), and 41 (27%) were adolescents and young adults (AYA) (10-21 years old). Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis syndrome (PFAPA) occurred in 46/152 (30%), chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) in 32/152 (21%), and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in 24/152 (15.7%). PFAPA was significantly higher in young children than in AYA (38.7% vs. 7.3%, p<0.001), while CNO were lower (13.5% vs. 41.5%, p<0.001). The frequency of females was significantly higher in CNO (28.4% vs. 14.1%, p=0.031) and lower in FMF (8.1% vs. 23.1%, p=0.011). The most used drugs were glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), and colchicine. Glucocorticoids and colchicine treatment were used in all AID with good to moderate response. However, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) seemed unresponsive to glucocorticoids. NSAIDs and methotrexate were the main medications used to treat CNO. Conclusions: Differences among AID patients were observed in the LA population regarding sex and age at disease diagnosis.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as doenças autoinflamatórias (DAI) de acordo com sexo e idade no momento do diagnóstico e a resposta terapêutica em uma grande população. Métodos: Este é um estudo observacional transversal de um registro latino-americano que usou um sistema de dados coletados entre 2015 e 2018. Quaisquer achados alterados ao longo do acompanhamento foram registrados. Os formulários foram traduzidos para os idiomas português e espanhol, incluindo características demográficas, clínicas, laboratoriais, genéticas e de tratamento. Resultados: Incluímos 152 pacientes, sendo 51,3% do sexo masculino e 75% da raça branca. A média de idade de início da doença foi de 2,1 anos (0-15,6 anos) e a média de idade de diagnóstico 6,9 anos (0-21,9 anos); 111 (73%) eram crianças (0-9 anos) e 41 (27%) adolescentes/adultos jovens (10-21 anos). A síndrome de febre periódica, estomatite aftosa, faringite e adenite (PFAPA) ocorreu em 46/152 (30%), osteomielite não bacteriana crônica (CNO) em 32/152 (21%) e febre familiar do Mediterrâneo (FMF) em 24/152 (15,7%). A PFAPA foi significativamente maior em crianças pequenas (38,7 vs. 7,3%, p<0,001), e a CNO, em adolescentes/adultos jovens (13,5 vs. 41,5%, p<0,001). A frequência do sexo feminino foi significativamente maior na CNO (28,4 vs. 14,1%, p=0,031) e menor na FMF (8,1 vs. 23,1%, p=0,011). Os medicamentos mais utilizados foram glicocorticoides, anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (AINE) e colchicina. O tratamento com glicocorticoides e colchicina foi usado em todas as DAI com resposta boa a moderada. No entanto, as síndromes periódicas associadas à criopirina (CAPS) pareciam não responder aos glicocorticoides. AINE e metotrexato foram os principais medicamentos utilizados no tratamento da CNO. Conclusões: Diferenças de pacientes com DAI foram observadas na população latino-americana em pacientes agrupados por sexo e idade ao diagnóstico da doença.

3.
Adv Rheumatol ; 60: 10, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088655

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Urinary parameters, anti-dsDNA antibodies and complement tests were explored in patients with childhood-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE) early-onset lupus nephritis (ELN) from a large multicenter cohort study. Methods: Clinical and laboratory features of cSLE cases with kidney involvement at presentation, were reviewed. Disease activity parameters including SLEDAI-2 K scores and major organ involvement at onset and follow up, with accrued damage scored by SLICC-DI, during last follow up, were compared with those without kidney involvement. Autoantibodies, renal function and complement tests were determined by standard methods. Subjects were grouped by presence or absence of ELN. Results: Out of the 846 subjects enrolled, mean age 11.6 (SD 3.6) years; 427 (50.5%) had ELN. There was no significant difference in the ELN proportion, according to onset age, but ELN frequency was significantly higher in non-Caucasians (p = 0.03). Hematuria, pyuria, urine casts, 24-h proteinuria and arterial hypertension at baseline, all had significant association with ELN outcome (p < 0.001). With a similar follow up time, there were significantly higher SLICC-DI damage scores during last follow up visit (p = 0.004) and also higher death rates (p < 0.0001) in those with ELN. Low C3 (chi-square test, p = 0.01), but not C3 levels associated significantly with ELN. High anti-dsDNA antibody levels were associated with ELN (p < 0.0001), but anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-Ro, anti-La antibodies were not associated. Low C4, C4 levels, low CH50 and CH50 values had no significant association. High erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was associated with the absence of ELN (p = 0.02). Conclusion: The frequency of ELN was 50%, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality compared to those without ELN. The urinary parameters, positive anti-dsDNA and low C3 are reliable for discriminating ELN.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology , Complement C3 , Complement C4 , Biomarkers , Antibodies, Antinuclear , Cohort Studies
4.
Adv Rheumatol ; 59: 3, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088594

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate prevalence, clinical manifestations, laboratory abnormalities, treatment and outcome in a multicenter cohort of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) patients with and without panniculitis. Methods: Panniculitis was diagnosed due to painful subcutaneous nodules and/or plaques in deep dermis/subcutaneous tissues and lobular/mixed panniculitis with lymphocytic lobular inflammatory infiltrate in skin biopsy. Statistical analysis was performed using Bonferroni correction(p < 0.004). Results: Panniculitis was observed in 6/847(0.7%) cSLE. Painful subcutaneous erythematosus and indurated nodules were observed in 6/6 panniculitis patients and painful subcutaneous plaques in 4/6. Generalized distribution was evidenced in 3/6 and localized in upper limbs in 2/6 and face in 1/6. Cutaneous hyperpigmentation and/or cutaneous atrophy occurred in 5/6. Histopathology features showed lobular panniculitis without vasculitis in 5/6(one of them had concomitant obliterative vasculopathy due to antiphospholipid syndrome) and panniculitis with vasculitis in 1/6. Comparison between cSLE with panniculitis and 60 cSLE without panniculitis with same disease duration [2.75(0-11.4) vs. 2.83(0-11.8) years,p = 0.297], showed higher frequencies of constitutional involvement (67% vs. 10%,p = 0.003) and leukopenia (67% vs. 7%,p = 0.002). Cutaneous atrophy and hyperpigmentation occurred in 83% of patients. Conclusions: Panniculitis is a rare skin manifestation of cSLE occurring in the first three years of disease with considerable sequelae. The majority of patients have concomitant mild lupus manifestations.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus/etiology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Brazil/epidemiology , Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus/pathology , Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus/drug therapy , Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cohort Studies , Age of Onset , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology
5.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 56(1): 37-43, jan.-fev. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-775209

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Estabelecer diretrizes baseadas em evidências científicas para manejo da febre familiar do Mediterrâneo (FFM). Descrição do método de coleta de evidência: A diretriz foi elaborada a partir de 5 questões clínicas que foram estruturadas por meio do PICO (Paciente, Intervenção ou Indicador, Comparação e Outcome), com busca nas principais bases primárias de informação científica. Após definir os estudos potenciais para sustento das recomendações, esses foram graduados pela força da evidência e pelo grau de recomendação. Resultados: Foram recuperados, e avaliados pelo título e resumo, 10.341 trabalhos e selecionados 46 artigos para sustentar as recomendações. Recomendações: 1. O diagnóstico da FFM é baseado nas manifestações clínicas, caracterizadas por episódios febris recorrentes associados a dor abdominal, torácica ou artrite de grandes articulações; 2. A FFM é uma doença genética que apresenta traço autossômico recessivo ocasionada por mutação no gene MEFV; 3. Exames laboratoriais são inespecíficos e demonstram níveis séricos elevados de proteínas inflamatórias na fase aguda da doença, mas também, com frequência, níveis elevados mesmo entre os ataques. Níveis séricos de SAA podem ser especialmente úteis no monitoramento da eficácia do tratamento; 4. A colchicina é a terapia de escolha e demonstrou eficácia na prevenção dos episódios inflamatórios agudos e progressão para amiloidose em adultos; 5. Com base na informação disponível, o uso de medicamentos biológicos parece ser opção para pacientes com FFM que não respondem ou que são intolerantes à terapia com colchicina.


Abstract Objective: To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of familial Mediterranean fever. Description of the evidence collection method: The Guideline was prepared from 5 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. Results: 10,341 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 46 articles were selected to support the recommendations. Recommendations: 1. The diagnosis of FMF is based on clinical manifestations, characterized by recurrent febrile episodes associated with abdominal pain, chest or arthritis of large joints; 2. FMF is a genetic disease presenting an autosomal recessive trait, caused by mutation in the MEFV gene; 3. Laboratory tests are not specific, demonstrating high serum levels of inflammatory proteins in the acute phase of the disease, but also often showing high levels even between attacks. SAA serum levels may be especially useful in monitoring the effectiveness of treatment; 4. The therapy of choice is colchicine; this drug has proven effectiveness in preventing acute inflammatory episodes and progression towards amyloidosis in adults; 5. Based on the available information, the use of biological drugs appears to be an alternative for patients with FMF who do not respond or are intolerant to therapy with colchicine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Familial Mediterranean Fever/diagnosis , Familial Mediterranean Fever/therapy , Colchicine/therapeutic use , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Amyloidosis, Familial/prevention & control , Pyrin/genetics , Familial Mediterranean Fever/genetics , Phenotype , Syndrome , Evidence-Based Medicine , Amyloidosis, Familial/genetics
6.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 56(1): 44-51, jan.-fev. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-775218

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Estabelecer diretrizes baseadas em evidências científicas para manejo das síndromes periódicas associadas à criopirina (criopirinopatias – Caps). Descrição do método de coleta de evidência: A diretriz foi elaborada a partir de quatro questões clínicas que foram estruturadas por meio do PICO (Paciente, Intervenção ou Indicador, Comparação e Outcome), com busca nas principais bases primárias de informação científica. Após definir os estudos potenciais para sustento das recomendações, esses foram graduados pela força da evidência e pelo grau de recomendação. Resultado: Foram recuperados, e avaliados pelo título e resumo, 1.215 artigos e selecionados 42 trabalhos para sustentar as recomendações. Recomendações: 1. O diagnóstico de Caps é baseado na anamnese e nas manifestações clínicas e posteriormente confirmado por estudo genético. Pode se manifestar sob três fenótipos: FCAS (forma leve), MWS (forma intermediária) e Cinca (forma grave). Avaliações neurológica, oftalmológica, otorrinolaringológica e radiológica podem ser de grande valia na distinção entre as síndromes; 2. O diagnóstico genético com análise do gene NLRP3 deve ser conduzido nos casos suspeitos de Caps, isto é, indivíduos que apresentam, antes dos 20 anos, episódios recorrentes de inflamação expressa por urticária e febre moderada; 3. As alterações laboratoriais incluem leucocitose e elevação nos níveis séricos de proteínas inflamatórias; 4. Terapias alvo dirigidas contra a interleucina 1 levam a rápida remissão dos sintomas na maioria dos pacientes. Contudo, existem limitações importantes em relação à segurança em longo prazo. Nenhuma das três medicações anti-IL1β evita progressão das lesões ósseas.


Abstract Objective: To establish guidelines based on cientific evidences for the management of cryopyrin associated periodic syndromes. Description of the evidence collection method: The Guideline was prepared from 4 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. Results: 1215 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 42 articles were selected to support the recommendations. Recommendations: 1. The diagnosis of CAPS is based on clinical history and clinical manifestations, and later confirmed by genetic study. CAPS may manifest itself in three phenotypes: FCAS (mild form), MWS (intermediate form) and CINCA (severe form). Neurological, ophthalmic, otorhinolaryngological and radiological assessments may be highly valuable in distinguishing between syndromes; 2. The genetic diagnosis with NLRP3 gene analysis must be conducted in suspected cases of CAPS, i.e., individuals presenting before 20 years of age, recurrent episodes of inflammation expressed by a mild fever and urticaria; 3. Laboratory abnormalities include leukocytosis and elevated serum levels of inflammatory proteins; and 4. Targeted therapies directed against interleukin-1 lead to rapid remission of symptoms in most patients. However, there are important limitations on the long-term safety. None of the three anti-IL-1β inhibitors prevents progression of bone lesions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes/diagnosis , Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes/therapy , NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics , Prognosis , Urticaria , Severity of Illness Index , Age of Onset , Evidence-Based Medicine , Interleukin-1beta , Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes/genetics , Fever , Inflammation/genetics , Inflammation/immunology , Mutation
7.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 56(1): 52-57, jan.-fev. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-775220

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Estabelecer diretrizes baseadas em evidências científicas para manejo da síndrome de febre periódica, estomatite aftosa, faringite e adenite (PFAPA). Descrição do método de coleta de evidência: A Diretriz foi elaborada a partir de cinco questões clínicas que foram estruturadas por meio do Pico (Paciente, Intervenção ou Indicador, Comparação e Outcome), com busca nas principais bases primárias de informação científica. Após definir os estudos potenciais para sustento das recomendações, esses foram graduados pela força da evidência e pelo grau de recomendação. Resultados: Foram recuperados e avaliados pelo título e resumo 806 trabalhos e selecionados 32 artigos, para sustentar as recomendações. Recomendações: 1. O diagnóstico da PFAPA é clínico e de exclusão, deve a suspeita ser considerada em crianças que apresentam episódios febris de origem indeterminada recorrentes e periódicos ou amidalites de repetição, intercalados com períodos assintomáticos, sobretudo em crianças em bom estado geral e com desenvolvimento pondero-estatural mantido; 2. Os achados laboratoriais são inespecíficos. Não existem alterações patognomônicas nos exames complementares; 3. A evidência que sustenta a indicação do tratamento cirúrgico (tonsilectomia com ou sem adenoidectomia) é baseada em dois ensaios clínicos randomizados não cegos que incluíram pequeno número de pacientes; 4. O uso de prednisona no início do quadro febril em pacientes com PFAPA mostrou ser eficaz. Melhores evidências ainda são necessárias para apoiar seu uso na PFAPA; 5. Apesar de os resultados obtidos de estudos com inibidores de IL-1ß serem promissores, esses são limitados a poucos relatos de casos.


Abstract Objective: To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. Description of the evidence collection method: The Guideline was prepared from 5 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. Results: 806 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 32 articles were selected to support the recommendations. Recommendations: 1. PFAPA is a diagnosis of exclusion established on clinical grounds, and one must suspect of this problem in children with recurrent and periodic febrile episodes of unknown origin, or with recurrent tonsillitis interspersed with asymptomatic periods, especially in children in good general condition and with preservation of weight and height development. 2. Laboratory findings are nonspecific. Additional tests do not reveal pathognomonic changes. 3. The evidence supporting an indication for surgical treatment (tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy), is based on two non-blinded randomized clinical trials with small numbers of patients. 4. The use of prednisone at the onset of fever in patients with PFAPA proved to be an effective strategy. There is still need for more qualified evidence to support its use in patients with PFAPA. 5. Despite promising results obtained in studies with IL-1β inhibitors, such studies are limited to a few case reports.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stomatitis, Aphthous/therapy , Pharyngitis/therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Fever/therapy , Lymphadenitis/therapy , Stomatitis, Aphthous/surgery , Stomatitis, Aphthous/diagnosis , Syndrome , Tonsillectomy , Adenoidectomy , Pharyngitis/surgery , Pharyngitis/diagnosis , Fever/surgery , Fever/diagnosis , Lymphadenitis/surgery , Lymphadenitis/diagnosis
8.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 55(1): 31-36, Jan-Feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-744672

ABSTRACT

Introdução A avaliação de atividade da artrite reumatoide e da artrite idiopática juvenil é feita por meio de instrumentos distintos, respectivamente pelo DAS-28 e pelo JADAS. Objetivo Comparar o DAS-28 e o JADAS com a pontuação de 71, 27 e 10 articulações, na artrite idiopática juvenil. Método Foram avaliadas 178 visitas em oito pacientes com artrite idiopática juvenil, participantes de um ensaio clínico controlado de fase III, testando eficácia e segurança do abatacepte. Pontuaram-se as articulações ativas e limitadas, a avaliação global pelo médico e pelos pais em escala analógica visual de 0-10 cm e a velocidade de hemossedimentação convertida em escala de 0-10, em todas as visitas. A comparação entre os índices de atividade entre diferentes observações foi por Anova ou modelo ajustado Gama. As observações pareadas entre o DAS-28 e o JADAS 71, 27 e 10, respectivamente, foram analisadas por meio de regressão linear. Resultados Houve diferença significativa entre as medidas individuais, exceto a VHS, nos primeiros quatro meses de tratamento com biológico, quando cinco entre os oito pacientes atingiram a resposta ACR-Pedi 30, com melhora. Os índices DAS-28, JADAS 71, 27 e 10 também apresentaram diferença relevante durante o período de observação. O ajustamento por meio de regressão linear entre o DAS-28 e o JADAS resultou em fórmulas matemáticas para conversão: [DAS-28 = 0,0709 (JADAS 71) + 1,267] (R2 = 0,49); [DAS-28 = 0,084 (JADAS 27) + 1,7404] (R2 = 0,47) e [DAS-28 = 0,1129 (JADAS-10) + 1,5748] (R2 = 0,50). Conclusão A conversão da pontuação do DAS-28 e do JADAS 71, 27 e 10 por esse modelo matemático permitiria a aplicação equivalente de ambos em adolescentes com artrite. .


Introduction The assessment of the activity of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis is made by means of the tools DAS-28 and JADAS, respectively. Objective To compare DAS-28 and JADAS with scores of 71, 27 and 10 joint counts in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Method A secondary analysis of a phase III placebo-controlled trial, testing safety and efficacy of abatacept was conducted in 8 patients with 178 assessment visits. Joint count scores for active and limited joints, physician's and parents’ global assessment by 0–10 cm Visual Analog Scale, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate normalized to 0–10 scale, in all visits. The comparison among the activity indices in different observations was made through Anova or adjusted gamma model. The paired observations between DAS-28 and JADAS 71, 27 and 10, respectively, were analyzed by linear regression. Results There were significant differences among individual measures, except for ESR, in the first 4 months of biological treatment, when five of the eight patients reached ACR-Pedi 30, with improvement. The indices of DAS-28, JADAS 71, 27 and 10 also showed significant difference during follow-up. Linear regression adjusted model between DAS-28 and JADAS resulted in mathematical formulas for conversion: [DAS-28 = 0.0709 (JADAS 71) + 1.267] (R2 = 0.49); [DAS-28 = 0.084 (JADAS 27) + 1.7404] (R2 = 0.47) and [DAS-28 = 0.1129 (JADAS-10) + 1.5748] (R2 = 0.50). Conclusion The conversion of scores of DAS-28 and JADAS 71, 27 and 10 for this mathematical model would allow equivalent application of both in adolescents with arthritis. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use , Arthritis, Juvenile/diagnosis , Arthritis, Juvenile/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index
9.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 18(1): 24-29, jan.-mar. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-676861

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Realizar avaliação audiológica em crianças e adolescentes acompanhados em um ambulatório de referência para doenças autoimunes, independentemente do diagnóstico específico. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo cego simples do tipo caso-controle. Foram incluídos 48 pacientes com idades entre 5 e 19 anos e tempo de seguimento de um a 151 meses, divididos em três grupos: 15 pacientes controle com diagnóstico de dor em membros e exclusão de doença autoimune, 23 pacientes com Artrite Idiopática Juvenil, e dez pacientes com outras doenças autoimunes. Os voluntários foram submetidos a avaliações clínica, otológica e audiológica (timpanometria, pesquisa dos reflexos acústicos, audiometria, índice de reconhecimento de fala, emissões otoacústicas e potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico com estímulo click). RESULTADOS: O grupo com outras doenças autoimunes teve maior número de pacientes sintomáticos e maior número de orelhas alteradas no teste de emissões otoacústicas em comparação com o grupo controle e com o grupo com Artrite Idiopática Juvenil. Ainda no grupo com outras doenças autoimunes, 50% dos sujeitos assintomáticos apresentaram alterações na pesquisa dos reflexos, na audiometria e nas emissões otoacústicas. Na audiometria, o grupo com Artrite Idiopática Juvenil apresentou mais alterações nas frequências altas, e o grupo com outras doenças autoimunes, nas frequências baixas. CONCLUSÃO: Houve maior número de sintomas relacionados à perda auditiva e a alterações audiológicas em crianças e adolescentes com Artrite Idiopática Juvenil e outras doenças autoimunes. As alterações auditivas ocorreram também em pacientes assintomáticos, justificando-se a avaliação audiológica como rotina clínica desses pacientes.


PURPOSE: To perform audiological assessment in children and adolescents followed up at a reference outpatient clinic for autoimmune diseases, regardless of specific diagnoses. METHODS: A single-blind case-control study was conducted. Participants were 48 patients with ages from 5 to 19 years and one to 151 months follow-up, categorized into three groups: 15 control individuals with pain in limbs and no autoimmune disorders, 23 individuals with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, and ten cases diagnosed with other autoimmune disorders. All subjects were submitted to clinical, otological, and audiological assessments (tympanometry, acoustic reflex, audiometry, speech audiometry, otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brainstem response test with click stimuli). RESULTS: The group with other autoimmune disorders had a greater proportion of patients with symptoms and more altered results in the otoacoustic emission test, when compared with the control group and the group with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. In the group with other autoimmune disorders, 50% of the subjects with no symptoms presented impaired acoustic reflexes, alterations in audiometry and in otoacoustic emissions. In the audiometry, the group with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis presented more alterations in higher frequencies, and the group with other autoimmune disorders, in lower frequencies. CONCLUSION: Symptoms related to hearing loss and audiological alterations were more frequent in children and adolescents with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and other autoimmune disorders. The hearing alterations also occurred in patients with no symptoms, indicating the need for systematic hearing assessment for these patients in their clinical routine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Arthritis, Juvenile , Autoimmune Diseases , Hearing Loss , Rheumatic Diseases , Acoustic Impedance Tests , Audiometry , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Hearing Tests , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous , Persons With Hearing Impairments , Single-Blind Method
10.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 52(2): 241-246, mar.-abr. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618378

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Examinar as características clínicas de apresentação e desfecho em uma série de casos de febre reumática em um hospital de referência nos últimos 20 anos. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Pacientes com menos de 18 anos e diagnóstico de febre reumática, entre 1986 e 2007, foram avaliados retrospectivamente a partir da última consulta, para análise descritiva e de sobrevida, estimando-se a probabilidade de cardite e de recorrência. RESULTADOS: Dos 178 casos identificados, 134 foram incluídos. Desses, durante a fase aguda, 66,4 por cento apresentaram poliartrite, 56,8 por cento cardite, 28,6 por cento coreia, 1,5 por cento nódulos subcutâneos e 1,5 por cento eritema marginado; cardite foi associada com poliartrite em 40 por cento. Cardite e coreia predominaram no gênero feminino. Antiestreptolisina-O elevada ocorreu em 58,3 por cento dos pacientes, e história familiar de febre reumática em 14,5 por cento. O tempo de seguimento foi em média 6,8 anos (variando de 1,1 a 16,9 anos). Houve recorrência em 15 por cento dos pacientes, hospitalização durante a fase aguda em 27,6 por cento, e descontinuidade de seguimento em 47,4 por cento, após 5,1 anos em média. As probabilidades de cardite e de recorrência foram 17,5 por cento e 13,2 por cento, respectivamente, após cinco anos do surto inicial. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se maior risco de evolução com cardite e de recorrências de febre reumática nos primeiros cinco anos. A descontinuidade de seguimento foi frequente, indicando serem necessárias medidas para melhorar a adesão à profilaxia e ao seguimento.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical characteristics and outcome of a rheumatic fever case-series from a referral hospital over the last 20 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients under the age of 18 years, diagnosed with rheumatic fever between 1986 and 2007 were retrospectively assessed to estimate the carditis and relapse rates, by use of descriptive and survival analysis. RESULTS: Of 178 cases identified, 134 were included. During the acute phase, 66.4 percent had polyarthritis, 56.8 percent had carditis, 28.6 percent had chorea, 1.5 percent had subcutaneous nodules, and 1.5 percent had erythema marginatum. The association of carditis and arthritis occurred in 40 percent. Carditis and chorea were more frequent among female gender. High antistreptolysin-O titres were found in 58.3 percent, and family history of rheumatic fever, in 14.5 percent. Mean follow-up was 6.8 years (1.1 to 16.9). Relapse was observed in 15 percent, hospital admissions in 27.6 percent, and follow-up discontinuation in 47.4 percent after a mean of 5.1 years. Carditis and relapse probabilities were 17.5 percent and 13.2 percent, respectively, five years after the initial attack. CONCLUSION: The risk of carditis and relapse of rheumatic fever was higher within the first five years. Follow-up discontinuation was frequent, pointing to the need of measures to improve adherence to prophylaxis and follow-up.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Rheumatic Fever , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Rheumatic Fever/complications , Rheumatic Fever/diagnosis , Rheumatic Fever/drug therapy
11.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 48(6): 366-372, nov.-dez. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-506659

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever as características clínicas, laboratoriais e de desfecho de uma série de casos com diagnóstico definido de síndrome antifosfolípide (SAF) pediátrica. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional-retrospectivo de referência pediátrica terciária, que identificou os casos por meio de evento vascular, trombose venosa ou oclusão arterial, determinação de anticorpos anticardiolipina (IgG e IgM) e teste do anticoagulante lúpico. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados cinco casos atendidos nos últimos cinco anos, sendo dois meninos e três meninas. A trombose venosa ocorreu em seios venosos cerebrais (2), fibular (2), poplítea (1), femoral (1), intestinal (1), renal (1), acompanhados por oclusão arterial intestinal (1), de artéria renal (1) e artéria digital (1), esta resultando gangrena periférica como evento recorrente durante anticoagulação com warfarina. Um abortamento espontâneo ocorreu em uma adolescente em vigência de púrpura trombocitopênica, evoluindo com anemia hemolítica (síndrome de Evans) e desfecho fatal por hemorragia. A investigação laboratorial em todos os casos resultou, pelo menos, uma determinação positiva de anticardiolipina IgG e/ou IgM, sendo considerados como SAF primária. Três dos casos estão em seguimento com anticoagulação oral. CONLUSÃO: A trombose venosa cerebral e de extremidades foram os eventos mais freqüentes. A presente série alerta para a investigação e o diagnóstico precoces, com abordagem multidisciplinar para o tratamento.


OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical and laboratorial features as well as outcome in a paediatric series with defined diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome. METHODS: A descriptive-retrospective report from a pediatric tertiary referral, with case ascertainment by vascular events identification, either venous thrombosis or arterial occlusion, anti-cardiolipin antibodies (IgG and IgM) titres and lupus anticoagulant tests. RESULTS: Five cases, being two boys and three girls, were identified in the last five years. Venous thrombosis occurred in brain sinus vessels (2), fibular (2), popliteal (1), femoral (1), intestinal (1) and renal (1) veins, followed by arterial occlusion in the gut (1), kidneys (1) halux (1) this resulted in digit gangrene as a recurrent event occurring during warfarin treatment. A spontaneous abortion occurred in an adolescent with thrombocytopenic purpura evolving into haemolytic anemia (Evans Syndrome) and bleeding fatal outcome. Laboratory investigation resulted in at least one positive titre of IgG and/or IgM anticardiolipin antibodies in all of the cases, being considered as primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Three cases have been followed under oral anticoagulation treatment. CONCLUSION: Cerebral and extremities venous thrombosis were the most frequent events in this series. This points to early diagnosis and team approach for investigation and treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Child , Antibodies, Anticardiolipin , Antibodies, Antiphospholipid , Antiphospholipid Syndrome , Venous Thrombosis
12.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 48(4): 249-252, jul.-ago. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-496415

ABSTRACT

A hemofagocitose reativa ou síndrome de ativação macrofágica (SAM) é uma complicação das doenças inflamatórias sistêmicas, causada por expansão de células T e macrófagos, com produção maciça de citocinas pró-inflamatórias, ocorrendo mais freqüentemente na artrite idiopática juvenil sistêmica e raramente no lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil (LESJ). OBJETIVO: Relatar um caso de LESJ que evoluiu com SAM precipitada por infecção e infarto esplênico, com desfecho fatal. RELATO DE CASO: Uma menina de 7 anos, com diagnóstico de LESJ desde os 5 anos, evoluiu com artrite em atividade, alopecia intensa, citopenias, cefaléia, infecções respiratórias recorrentes e elevação intermitente de transaminases. Os anticorpos anti-DNA e anticardiolipina IgG e IgM foram identificados e a biópsia renal evidenciou glomerulonefrite lúpica de classe III. A paciente foi tratada com pulso de metilprednisolona, prednisona, azatioprina e hidroxicloroquina. Após dois anos, na vigência de pneumonia apresentou abdome agudo e convulsões, evoluindo para o choque hemorrágico fatal após esplenectomia, que evidenciou infarto esplênico e infiltração maciça por macrófagos hemofagocíticos CD163+. CONCLUSÃO: A revisão do desfecho sugere a SAM precipitada por infecção e sobreposta a atividade inflamatória do lúpus com febre persistente, citopenias, disfunção hepática, hepatomegalia e esplenomegalia, como efeitos do excesso de produção de citocinas. Os anticorpos anticardiolipina podem ter tido papel precipitante na coagulopatia, que resultou infarto esplênico e choque hemorrágico.


Reactive haemophagocytosis or macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a complication of systemic inflammatory disorders, caused by expansion of T cells and haemophagocytic macrophages, with cytokine overproduction. It has been described most often in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and rarely in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE). OBJECTIVE: To report a JSLE case who developed MAS in association with spleen infarct triggered by infection, with fatal outcome. CASE REPORT: A 7-year old-girl diagnosed with lupus since age 5-y developed several episodes of arthritis flare, cytopenias, severe alopecia, headaches and recurrent episodes of respiratory infections with intermittently increased serum transaminases. Anti-DNA and anti-cardiolipin IgG and IgM were identified and Class III lupus glomerulonephritis was diagnosed by renal biopsy. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone pulses, prednisone, azatioprine and hydroxychloroquine. Last admitted due to pneumonia, she evolved into abdominal crisis and seizures, undergoing splenectomy and evolving into haemorragic shock with fatal outcome. A spleen infarct was found and anti-CD163 antibodies staining disclosed intense haemophagocytic macrophage infiltration. CONCLUSION: This outcome suggests infection-triggered MAS overlapping lupus flare with persistent fever, cytopenia, liver dysfunction, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly as cytokine excess driven effect. Anti-cardiolipin antibodies may also had a coagulopathy precipiting role.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Macrophage Activation , Syndrome
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